CHAPTER 15. Unit 6. Summary

Do the molecules have the same molecular formula?

No

• The molecules are NOT isomers

Yes

• The molecules are ISOMERS

Are the atoms bonded in the same order in the two molecules?

Yes

• The molecules are STEROISOMERS.

No

• The molecules are CONSTITUTION SOMERS.

Are the molecules NONSUPERIMPOSABLE MIRROR IMAGES?

Yes

• The molecules are ENANTIOMERS.

No

• The molecules are DIASTEREOMERS.

Constitutional isomers

Isomers in which the atloms have different connectivity

Skeletal Ismokers

Ismokers with different carbon atom arrangement and different hydrogen atom arrangement

Positional Ismokers

Ismokers that differ in the location of the functional group

functional group Ismokers

Ismokers that contain different functional groups

Stereoisomers

Isomers with atoms of the same connectivity that differ only in the orientation of the in space

Enantiomers

• Stereoisomer that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other
• Handedness (D and Lforms) is determined by the configuation at the highest-numbered chiral center

Diastereomers

Stereoisomers that are not mirroe images of each other

CIS-trans isomers

Sterroisomerism that result from restricted rotation about chemical bonds

• Is sometime possible when a ring is perent
• Is sometime possible when a double bond is perents

Most other diastereomers (two or more chiral centers)

Sterroisomerism that result from

• A mirror-image relationship, and (or more) chiral centers, and
• The same configuration at one (or more) chiral centers