CHAPTER 18: Unit 4. Amines and Amides Chemical Reactions
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Amines and Amides Chemical Reactions
| Amines Chemical Reactions: |
| 1.) Amines are weak bases and therefore they can react with acids:Reference: https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/index_2353/Chapter_06_2SPP.pdf |
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| The product of amines with an acid is an alkylammonium salt (quaternary amine) |
| 2.) Amines react with water to form alkylammonium hydroxideReference: https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/index_2353/Chapter_06_2SPP.pdf |
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| 3.) Amines can react with other amines and a peptide bond can form (condensation or polymerization)Reference:https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/20-4-amines-and-amides/ |
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| 4.) Alkylammonium salt reacts with bases to produce amine, water and a saltReference: https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/index_2353/Chapter_06_2SPP.pdf |
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| 5.) Alkylammonium salt can be hydrolyzed by water in presence of acidic mediumReference: https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/index_2353/Chapter_06_2SPP.pdf |
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| 6.) Quaternary ammonium salt: |
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| Quaternary ammonium salt reacts with silver hydroxide with the heat to produce tertiary amine, alkene, and waterReference: https://www.angelo.edu/faculty/kboudrea/index_2353/Chapter_06_2SPP.pdf |
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| Quaternary amines are odorless and highly soluble in water compared with amines and amides. Because of this property, amines used in medicine as drugs are converted to their quaternary ammonium salts which are highly soluble than the amines themselves. Examples of such drugs are Benadryl and Sudafed. |
| Amides Chemical Reactions:As mentioned above amides are formed when acids react with amines |
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| Amides can be converted into amines (primary, secondary and tertiary):Reference:https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(McMurry)/Chapter_21%3A_Carboxylic_Acid_Derivatives%3A_Nucleophilic_Acyl_Substitution_Reactions/21.07_Chemistry_of_Amides |
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